形容词变副词的规则

形容词变副词的规则本文简介：形容词变副词的规则：1.一般情况下直接加“ly”，如quick---quickly,wise-wisely,polite-politely,nice-nicely,glad-gladly,形容词变副词通常是加ly,其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀：一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”

形容词变副词的规则本文内容：

形容词变副词的规则：

1.一般情况下直接加“ly”，如quick---quickly,wise-wisely,polite-politely,nice-nicely,glad-gladly,形容词变副词通常是加ly,其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀：

一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。以ll结尾的词

只加y

full-fully

dull-dully

分别举例如下：

quick—quickly,true—truly,happy—happily,possible—possibly.

Full-fully

另外：

一、在形容词词尾直接加-ly。如:real-really;

helpful-helpfully;

careful-carefully;

hopeful-hopefully;

slow-slowly;

quick-quickly;

quiet-quietly

二、以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词,如果读/i/要变y为i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily;

angry-angrily;

easy-easily,happy-happily,hungry-hungrily

，

如果读/ai/就直接加ly

如

shy-shyly

dry-dryly

sly-slyly

三、某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e如le结尾先去掉e,然后再加-y和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,-ly。如元音字母加ly时直接加ly如sole-solely如:

terrible-terribly;

true-truly;

simple,terrible,incredible,probable,gentle-gently

另外,副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得来,如:loud

(adj.)-aloud

(adv.)

此外,部分名词加后缀也可变成副词,如:part-partly。

例句:

It

is

partly

her

fault.

有部分是她的错。

需注意:

friendly;

motherly;

lovely等词是形容词而非副词。

再看转化副词。在英语中,有些词既可以作形容词,又可以作副词,如early,much,fast,little,wide,loud等。

由于这类词词性虽不同,但词形却一样,这就需要大家学会在特定语境中判断它们各自的词性。例句:Thank

you

very

much.

(adv.)

多谢。There

is

much

water

in

the

river.

(adj.)

河里有很多水。The

music

is

too

loud.

Please

turn

it

down.

(adj.)

音乐声太大,请调低点。He

speaks

loud

enough.

So

everyone

in

the

room

can

hear

what

he

said.

(adv.)

他说话的声音很大,所以房间里每个人都能听到他的话。

另外,还有一类副词和形容词词义相同,但拼写却不同,如well和good。例句He

speaks

good

English.

他讲一口流利的英语。He

speaks

english

well.

现在分词：现在分词是由动词原形加词尾－ing构成，这是规则的现在分词构成。如work－working。但在下列情况下，拼写应作相应的变化：1，以不发音的－e结尾的动词，须去掉e再加－ing，如come－coming，write－writing。但当将－e去掉会引起发音变化时，最后的－e就应保留，如agree－agreeing，see－seeing。另外，－e为元音时，－e应保留，如canoe－canoeing。2，动词是闭音节的单音节词，或是以重读闭音节结尾的多音节词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时，这个辅音字母须双写，再加－ing，如sit－sitting，run－running；begin－beginning，foget－fogetting。3，少数几个以－ie结尾的单音节动词，须变－ie为y，再加－ing，如die－dying，tie－tying，lie－lying。

动词的过去式和过去分词的构成有规则和不规则两种。规则动词的过去式和过去分词由动词原形加－ed构成，如work－worked。在以e结尾

的动词后加－d，如hope－hoped，agree－agreed。在以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词后先将y变为i后再加－ed，如carry－carried，study－studied。以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母式，须双写这个辅音字母再加－ed，如clap－clapped，plan－planned，admit－admitted。少数双音节动词，尽管重音在第一个音节，仍双写末尾的辅音字母，然后再加－ed（现在分词亦如此）。如

travel－travelled，program－programmed。

英语动词按其过去式和过去分词的构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加ｅｄ构成，而不规则动词的变化因词而异。

不规则动词表

A---A---A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形）

动词原形（现在式）

过去式

过去分词

cost

cost

cost

花费

cut

cut

cut

割，切

hit

hit

hit

打

let

let

let

让

put

put

put

放下

read

read

read

读

hurt

hurt

hurt

伤

2.

A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形）

beat

beat

beaten

打

3.

A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形）

come

came

come

来

become

became

become

变

run

ran

run

跑

overcome

overcame

overcome征服，打败，克服

4.

A

---B

---B型

（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。

burn

burnt

burnt

燃烧

learn

learned/learnt

learned/learnt

学习

mean

meant

meant

意思

hear

heard

heard

听见

（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”

构成过去式或过去分词。

build

built

built

建筑

lend

lent

lent

借给

lose

lost

lost

失去

send

sent

sent

送

spend

spent

spent

花费

（3)

pay

paid

paid

付

lay

laid

laid

下蛋

say

said

said

说

(4)

bring

brought

brought

带来

buy

bought

bought

买

fight

fought

fought

战斗

think

thought

thought

想

(5)

sleep

slept

slept

睡

feel

felt

felt

觉得

keep

kept

kept

保持

sweep

swept

swept

扫

(6)

stand

stood

stood

站

understand

understood

understood

明白

(7)

win

won

won

得胜

(8)

catch

caught

caught

抓住

teach

taught

taught

教

(9)

find

found

found

发现

get

got

got

得到

hold

held

held

盛，握

leave

left

left

离开

make

made

made

制造

meet

met

met

遇见

shoot

shot

shot

射击

dig

dug

dug

挖

(10)

shsmell

smelt/smelled

smelt/smelled

嗅，闻

shine

shone/shined

shone/shined

发光

（11)

tell

told

told

告诉

sell

sold

sold

卖

(12)

sit

sat

sat

坐

have

had

had

有

5.

A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）

（1）在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。

eat

ate

eaten

吃

fall

fell

fallen

落下

steal

stole

stolen

偷

give

gave

given

给

freeze

froze

frozen

冻结

take

took

taken

拿

see

saw

seen

看见

write

wrote

written

写

ride

rode

ridden

骑

drive

drove

driven

驾驶

throw

threw

thrown

抛，扔

blow

blew

blown

吹

grow

grew

grown

生长

know

knew

known

知道

fly

flew

flown

飞

draw

drew

drawn

拉，绘画

show

showed

shown

展示

（2）过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。

speak

spoke

spoken

说话

break

broke

broken

破碎，折断

wake

waked/

woke

waked/

waken

醒

choose

chose

chosen

选择

forget

forgot

forgotten

忘记

（3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。

begin

began

begun

开始

ring

rang

rung

按铃

sing

sang

sung

唱

sink

sank

sunk

沉

swim

swam

swum

游泳

drink

drank

drunk

饮

（4）其他不规则动词的变化。

be(am,is)

was/

were

been

是

be(are)

were

been

是

do

did

done

做

go

went

gone

去

lie

lay

lain

躺

wear

wore

worn

穿